Spondylodysplastic EDS (spEDS) is characterized by short stature (progressive in childhood), muscle hypotonia (ranging from severe congenital, to mild later-onset), and bowing of limbs Musculocontractural EDS (mcEDS) is characterized by congenital multiple contractures, characteristically adduction-flexion contractures and/or talipes equinovarus (clubfoot), characteristic craniofacial features, which are evident at birth or in early infancy, and skin features such as skin hyperextensibility, bruising, skin fragility with atrophic scars, and increased palmar wrinkling
More serious but rare adverse events include pancreatitis (0.2% incidence), gallbladder disease requiring surgical intervention, and medullary thyroid carcinoma risk in genetically predisposed individuals (contraindicated in patients with personal or family history of MTC or MEN2 syndrome)
Strikingly, higher SFB levels, as observed in MyD88 (an adaptor for different innate immune receptors which recognize microbial stimuli)-deficient mice models, protect mice of a diabetic genotype from the development of the disease, showing that the microbiota can exert both inhibiting and promoting effects [10]
11 The dynamic balance between different T-cell subsets controls the formation of vulnerable and obstructive plaques during atherosclerotic development