Studies have shown that when the molecular weight of the drug is greater than 16,000 D, the absorption of the lymphatic system will increase significantly, especially for colloidal materials, which can achieve active targeting due to their high molecular weight [33]
This results in the accumulation of cytosolic Ca 2+ followed by activation of synaptic vesicle exocytosis, and release of neurotransmitters
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When endothelium cells are exposed to cytokines such as interleukin 1- (IL-1 ) or tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-), endothelium get activated and release endothelial-leukocyte adhesion molecules including VCAM-1, intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1) and E-selectin, which help in leukocyte binding (joseph and joseph, 2000)