glutathione hydrogen peroxide reaction Frontiers Hydrogen Peroxide Sensing and Signaling:

Furthermore, there remains controversy regarding the biological functions of mitochondrial transfer and reprogramming

Author contributions NS: Conceptualization, Investigation, Project administration, Writing original draft

While macrophages and other immune cells can partially clear these ROS, the excessive ROS burden surpasses the clearance capacity of immune cells, allowing residual ROS to further activate necroptosis through positive feedback mechanisms

Key highlights include a systematic delineation of both core and emerging ferroptosis-regulatory networks, a detailed analysis of the pathological contributions of ferroptosis across distinct CVDs, and a critical evaluation of evolving therapeutic strategies ranging from small-molecule inhibitors to advanced nanomedicine-based approaches