l carnitine tmao koeth 2013 nature medicine γ–Butyrobetaine is a pro-atherogenic intermediate in gut microbial metabolism of L-carnitine to TMAO metaorganismal pathway and chronic
TMAO metaorganismal pathway and chronic inflammatory diseases Comparison of short term and long term effects of peroral L carnitine intake: clinical implications of elevated TMAO levels in cardiovascular complications Meat metabolizing bacteria in atherosclerosis Nature Medicine Butyrobetaine Is a Proatherogenic Intermediate in Gut Microbial Metabolism of L Carnitine to TMAO: Cell Metabolism
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